Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) konderi nova espécie de Anopheles do vale do Amazonas e considerações sôbre as espécies do complexo tarsimaculatus (Diptera, culicidae)

Abstract

The authors describe a new anopheline of the tarsimaculatus complex, Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) konderi n. s., which is characterized by having the mesosome of the male terminalia faintly sclerotized, with the apex half as broad as high, with spine like projections on its lateral angles, and the preapical expansions arrizing from the middle of the lateral stems. This mesosome is quite different from the more similar allied species, A. oswaldoi, which shows much more sclerotized preapical expansione and a higher apex. The fused lobes of claspettes have the same appearance in these two species. Furthermore, by the adult markings, and pupal and larval chetotaxy they are indistinguishable. The authors make a brief revision of the other species of the tarsimaculatus complex, so as to establish their differences with A. konderi. Twelve species and sub-species are analyzed, namely, A. tarsimaculatus Goeldi, 1905; A. oswaldoi (Peryassú, 1922); A. aquasalis Curry, 1932; A. anomalophyllus Komp, 1936; A. oswaldoi noroestensis Galvão and Lane, 1938; A. oswaldoi metcalfi Galvão and Lane, 1938; A. oswaldoi ayrozai Unti, 1940; A. rangeli Gabaldon, Cova Garcia and López, 1940; A. nuñez-tovari Gabaldon, 1940; A. goeldii Rozeboom, and Gabaldon, 1941; A. emilianus Komp, 1941; and A. oswaldoi guarujaensis Ramos, 1942. A. osvaldoi ayrozai was found to be synonimous with A. noroestensis. A oswaldoi metcalfi is a nomen nudun because of insufficient characterization. A. oswaldoi noroestensis, as originally described, includes two species, one characterized by the photomicrograph and drowing of the male terminalia, showing a mesosome without apex; the other, was later characterized by Galvão (1938) as A. oswaldoi noroestensis, on the basis of adult, larval and egg characters, is a new species, to be published by Galvão, Lane and Unti. A. oswaldoi guarujaensis was shown a synonym of A. tarsimaculatus, and the same as Coutinho’s A. oswaldoi metcalfi from the baixada Fluminense, unless constant differences on egg morphology come to be found by statistical analysis. A. aquasalis, as per different authors, has eggs which are different from those of A. tarsimaculatus, the adult markings, the characters of the male terminalia, and the chetotaxy of the pupa and larva being the same. Both types of eggs of tarsimaculatus and aquasalis were found in Belem. In the present status of this problem, the authors believe that the only means to clear up this question is to study, on a statistical basis, the biometric characters of the eggs and their correlations to some characters of the hairs of the fused lobes of the claspettes, which Komp claims to be different in the above two species. A. emilianus is a name which was given to the same species as A. tarsimaculatus. This question of nomenclature was taken in consideration by the Malaria Committee of the Panamerican Sanitary Bureau, which will consult the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, the only scientific Organization which can give e valid opinion in such cases. Approximately half of the terminalia of the male tarsimaculatus from Belém, Pará, show lateral branches on the refringent structure of the fused lobes of claspettes, the same as the specimens received from the Baixada Fluminense. The mesosomes of A. rangeli from Rio Branco, Acre, have no spines on the lateral angles of the apex, differing in this respect, from Rozeboom and Gabaldon’s specimens from Venezuela, in which a pronounced spine is present. In A. goeldii the mesosone frequently does not shows any spine in the lateral angles of apex.